定义和用法

strftime() 函数根据区域设置格式化本地时间/日期。

语法

strftime(format,timestamp)参数 描述
format 可选。规定如何返回结果。
timestamp 可选。
提示和注释
提示:与 gmstrftime() 的行为相同,不同的是返回时间是本地时间。

例子

输出 strftime() 和 gmstrftime() 的结果:

<"%b %d %Y %X", mktime(20,0,0,12,31,98)));
echo(gmstrftime("%b %d %Y %X", mktime(20,0,0,12,31,98)));

//输出当前日期、时间和时区
echo(gmstrftime("It is %a on %b %d, %Y, %X time zone: %Z",time()));
"%I:%M:%S %p" 一样
      比如: 21:34:17 是 09:34:17 PM
    
    
      %R
      和 "%H:%M" 一样
      比如: 12:35 AM 是 00:35,4:44 PM 是 16:44
    
    
      %S
      两位数字表示秒
      00 到 59
    
    
      %T
      和 "%H:%M:%S" 一样
      比如: 09:34:17 PM 是 21:34:17
    
    
      %X
      当前区域首选的时间表示法,不包括日期
      例如: 03:59:16 或 15:59:16
    
    
      %z
      从 UTC 的时区偏移 或 简写(由操作系统决定)
      比如: 东部时间是 -0500 或 EST
    
    
      %Z
      %z 没有给出的 UTC 的时区偏移 或 简写(由操作系统决定)
      比如: -0500 或 EST 是东部时间
    
    
      时间和日期戳
      ---
      ---
    
    
      %c
      当前区域首选的日期时间表达
      比如: 2009 年 2 月 5 日上午 12:45:10 是 Tue Feb 5 00:45:10 2009
    
    
      %D
      和 "%m/%d/%y" 一样
      比如: 2009 年 2 月 5 日是 02/05/09
    
    
      %F
      Same as "%Y-%m-%d" (commonly used in database datestamps)
      比如:2009 年 2 月 5 日是 2009-02-05
    
    
      %s
      Unix纪元的时间戳(和 time() 函数一样)
      比如: 1979 年 9 月 10 日上午 8 点 40 分 00 秒是 305815200
    
    
      %x
      当前区域首选的时间表示法,不包括时间
      比如: 2009 年 2 月 5 日是 02/05/09
    
    
      其他
      ---
      ---
    
    
      %n
      换行符("\n")
      ---
    
    
      %t
      Tab 字符("\t")
      ---
    
    
      %%
      文字上的百分字符("%")
    
  

这个参数的最大长度是 1023 个字符。

Warning
尽管 ISO 9889:1999(当前的 C 标准)明确指出一周从星期一开始,但是 Sun Solaris 的一周似乎从星期天开始并作为 1。所以 %u 的结果也许不会和手册里描述得一样。

Warning
仅针对 Windows:这个函数里 %e 修饰符修饰符还不能支持 Windows。 为了得到这个值可以用 %#d 修饰符来代替。下例说明了如何写一个跨平台支持的函数。

Warning
仅针对 Mac OS X:这个函数里 %P 修饰符还不能支持 Mac OS X。

timestamp
可选的 timestamp 参数是一个 integer 的 Unix 时间戳,如未指定,参数值默认为当前本地时间。也就是说,其值默认为 time() 的返回值。

strftime()的用法举例如下:

select strftime('%Y.%m.%d %H:%M:%S','now','localtime');
结果:2018.06.21 21:41:09
其实更好的用法是这样的,比如统,本月或本年的支出:
select strftime('%Y-%m',日期) as 月份,sum(支出) as 月支出 from 流水帐 group by 月份;

Example #1 strftime() locale examples

<"C");
echo strftime("%A");
setlocale(LC_TIME, "fi_FI");
echo strftime(" in Finnish is %A,");
setlocale(LC_TIME, "fr_FR");
echo strftime(" in French %A and");
setlocale(LC_TIME, "de_DE");
echo strftime(" in German %A.\n");
"htmlcode">
<"12/28/2002 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y", strtotime("12/28/2002")) . "\n";

// Outputs: 12/30/2002 - %V,%G,%Y = 1,2003,2002
echo "12/30/2002 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y", strtotime("12/30/2002")) . "\n";

// Outputs: 1/3/2003 - %V,%G,%Y = 1,2003,2003
echo "1/3/2003 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y",strtotime("1/3/2003")) . "\n";

// Outputs: 1/10/2003 - %V,%G,%Y = 2,2003,2003
echo "1/10/2003 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y",strtotime("1/10/2003")) . "\n";



/*   December 2004 / January 2005
ISOWk M  Tu W  Thu F  Sa Su
----- ----------------------------
51   13 14 15 16 17 18 19
52   20 21 22 23 24 25 26
53   27 28 29 30 31  1  2
1    3  4  5  6  7  8  9
2   10 11 12 13 14 15 16  */

// Outputs: 12/23/2004 - %V,%G,%Y = 52,2004,2004
echo "12/23/2004 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y",strtotime("12/23/2004")) . "\n";

// Outputs: 12/31/2004 - %V,%G,%Y = 53,2004,2004
echo "12/31/2004 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y",strtotime("12/31/2004")) . "\n";

// Outputs: 1/2/2005 - %V,%G,%Y = 53,2004,2005
echo "1/2/2005 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y",strtotime("1/2/2005")) . "\n";

// Outputs: 1/3/2005 - %V,%G,%Y = 1,2005,2005
echo "1/3/2005 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y",strtotime("1/3/2005")) . "\n";

"htmlcode">
<"htmlcode">
<"%m/%d/%y"',
  'E' => '',
  'F' => 'Same as "%Y-%m-%d"',
  'G' => 'The full four-digit version of %g',
  'H' => 'Two digit representation of the hour in 24-hour format',
  'I' => 'Two digit representation of the hour in 12-hour format',
  'J' => '',
  'K' => '',
  'L' => '',
  'M' => 'Two digit representation of the minute',
  'N' => '',
  'O' => '',
  'P' => 'lower-case "am" or "pm" based on the given time',
  'Q' => '',
  'R' => 'Same as "%H:%M"',
  'S' => 'Two digit representation of the second',
  'T' => 'Same as "%H:%M:%S"',
  'U' => 'Week number of the given year, starting with the first Sunday as the first week',
  'V' => 'ISO-8601:1988 week number of the given year, starting with the first week of the year with at least 4 weekdays, with Monday being the start of the week',
  'W' => 'A numeric representation of the week of the year, starting with the first Monday as the first week',
  'X' => 'Preferred time representation based on locale, without the date',
  'Y' => 'Four digit representation for the year',
  'Z' => 'The time zone offset/abbreviation option NOT given by %z (depends on operating system)',
  'a' => 'An abbreviated textual representation of the day',
  'b' => 'Abbreviated month name, based on the locale',
  'c' => 'Preferred date and time stamp based on local',
  'd' => 'Two-digit day of the month (with leading zeros)',
  'e' => 'Day of the month, with a space preceding single digits',
  'f' => '',
  'g' => 'Two digit representation of the year going by ISO-8601:1988 standards (see %V)',
  'h' => 'Abbreviated month name, based on the locale (an alias of %b)',
  'i' => '',
  'j' => 'Day of the year, 3 digits with leading zeros',
  'k' => 'Hour in 24-hour format, with a space preceding single digits',
  'l' => 'Hour in 12-hour format, with a space preceding single digits',
  'm' => 'Two digit representation of the month',
  'n' => 'A newline character ("\n")',
  'o' => '',
  'p' => 'UPPER-CASE "AM" or "PM" based on the given time',
  'q' => '',
  'r' => 'Same as "%I:%M:%S %p"',
  's' => 'Unix Epoch Time timestamp',
  't' => 'A Tab character ("\t")',
  'u' => 'ISO-8601 numeric representation of the day of the week',
  'v' => '',
  'w' => 'Numeric representation of the day of the week',
  'x' => 'Preferred date representation based on locale, without the time',
  'y' => 'Two digit representation of the year',
  'z' => 'Either the time zone offset from UTC or the abbreviation (depends on operating system)',
  '%' => 'A literal percentage character ("%")',
);

// Results.
$strftimeValues = array();

// Evaluate the formats whilst suppressing any errors.
foreach($strftimeFormats as $format => $description){
  if (False !== ($value = @strftime("%{$format}"))){
    $strftimeValues[$format] = $value;
  }
}

// Find the longest value.
$maxValueLength = 2 + max(array_map('strlen', $strftimeValues));

// Report known formats.
foreach($strftimeValues as $format => $value){
  echo "Known format  : '{$format}' = ", str_pad("'{$value}'", $maxValueLength), " ( {$strftimeFormats[$format]} )\n";
}

// Report unknown formats.
foreach(array_diff_key($strftimeFormats, $strftimeValues) as $format => $description){
  echo "Unknown format : '{$format}'  ", str_pad(' ', $maxValueLength), ($description " ( {$description} )" : ''), "\n";
}
"htmlcode">
<"htmlcode">
<"現在時間是:" . strftime('%d.%B %Y %H:%M:%S', time());
"htmlcode">
<?php
echo '日期時間格式化為:' . strftime('%d.%B %Y %H:%M:%S', strtotime('2018-10-15'));
?>

日期時間格式化為:15.October 2018 00:00:00

标签:
php,strftime

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